Passerine Birds of Ontario

Habitat Requirements, Limiting Factors, and Status

By Al Sandilands, Illustrated by Ross James

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To access a topic, click on it in the Contents, which start on page 5 of the book.

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On every page you will see an icon of a Blue-headed Vireo in the upper left corner. If you click this icon, it will return you to the Contents page. This is the recommended form of navigation through the book.

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The book is more than 2400 pages long, so it is recommended that one only prints the files that are of most interest.

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Bookmarks are provided in the Literature Cited section, which is 222 pages long. The bookmarks panel is closed in the online version but can be opened by clicking on the Bookmark icon icon in the navigation toolbar. Once you have opened the bookmarks panel, ">Literature Cited" will be displayed. Click on > to reveal the the letters of the alphabet. Clicking on a letter takes you to the first reference starting with that letter.

More information on how to use the book is presented on page 4 of the book.

Recommended Citation

Sandilands, A. 2025. Passerine birds of Ontario: habitat requirements, limiting factors, and status. Branchton, ON: Gray Owl Environmental Inc.